Towards Healthcare
U.S. Pharmaceutical CDMO Market to Uplift $68.57 Bn by 2034

U.S. Pharmaceutical CDMO Market Size & Trends (2024 - 2034)

The U.S. pharmaceutical CDMO market size is calculated at $39.14 bn in 2025 is to hit $68.57 bn by 2034. The U.S. Pharmaceutical CDMO market is evolving with key developments in 2024. Recipharm partnered with Exela Pharma for sterile manufacturing, Agilent acquired Biovectra for $925M to expand its CDMO capabilities, and Thermo Fisher's biopharma revenue grew, projecting $42.4-$43.3B in annual earnings.

Executive Summary

  • Overview of the U.S. Pharmaceutical CDMO Market
  • Key Trends Shaping the Market
  • Strategic Insights and Opportunities

Market Dynamics

  • Drivers of Market Growth
  • Challenges and Restraints
  • Emerging Trends and Innovations in CDMO Services
  • Impact of Regulatory Framework

Competitive Landscape

  • Overview of Leading CDMO Companies in the U.S.
    • Adare Pharma Solutions
    • AGC Biologics
    • Agilent Technologies
    • Catalent Pharma Solutions
    • Exela Pharma Sciences
    • PCI Pharma Services
    • Pfizer CentreOne
    • Scorpius BioManufacturing
    • Sharp Services
    • Single Use Support
    • Thermo Fisher Scientific
    • UPM Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
  • Market Share Analysis of Key Players
  • Recent Developments and Strategic Collaborations

Segments Covered in the Report

By Product

  • API
    • Traditional API
    • Highly Potent API
    • Antibody-drug Conjugate (ADC)
    • Others
  • Synthesis
    • Synthetic
      • Solid
      • Liquid
    • Biotech
  • Drug
    • Innovative
    • Generics
  • Manufacturing
    • Continuous Manufacturing
    • Batch Manufacturing
  • Drug Product
    • Oral Solid Dose
    • Semi-Solid Dose
    • Liquid Dose
    • Others

By Workflow

  • Commercial
  • Clinical

By Application

  • Oncology
  • Small Molecules
  • Biologics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurological Disorders
  • Cardiovascular Disease
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Respiratory Diseases
  • Ophthalmology
  • Gastrointestinal Disorders
  • Hormonal Disorders
  • Hematological Disorders
  • Others

By End-Use

  • Large Pharmaceutical Companies
  • Medium Pharmaceutical Companies
  • Small Pharmaceutical Companies

Go-to-Market Strategies in the U.S. Pharmaceutical CDMO Market

  • Market Penetration and Positioning
    • Identifying and targeting key market segments
    • Competitive landscape analysis
    • Effective strategies for establishing brand presence
    • Market entry barriers and overcoming them
  • Sales and Distribution Channels
    • Direct vs. indirect distribution models
    • Digital transformation in pharmaceutical sales
    • Global sales strategy alignment with U.S. production
  • Key Success Factors for Market Entry
    • Regulatory and compliance considerations
    • Market research and consumer insights
    • Adapting to local market needs and preferences
    • Strategic partnerships for accelerated entry
  • Strategic Partnerships and Alliances
    • Leveraging collaborations for scale
    • Long-term partnerships with pharmaceutical companies
    • Technology and innovation-driven alliances

Healthcare Production & Manufacturing Data

  • U.S. Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Landscape
    • Overview of the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector
    • Key players and their market share
    • Technological infrastructure in U.S. manufacturing facilities
  • Key Production and Manufacturing Trends
    • Increasing shift towards contract manufacturing
    • Growth in biologics production
    • Advances in facility automation and digital integration
  • Capacity Utilization and Operational Efficiencies
    • Optimizing production capabilities to meet market demand
    • Resource allocation and plant utilization strategies
    • Enhancing efficiency through process reengineering
  • Analysis of Manufacturing Cost Structures
    • Cost components in pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Factors influencing production cost variability
    • Strategies for cost containment without compromising quality
  • Innovations in Pharmaceutical Production
    • Adoption of next-generation production technologies
    • Integrating AI and data analytics for smarter manufacturing
    • Impact of lean manufacturing principles

Cross-Border Healthcare Services

  • Global Healthcare Service Market Dynamics
    • Factors driving the demand for cross-border healthcare
    • Key global markets for cross-border healthcare services
    • Global regulatory environments and their impact on U.S. pharmaceutical exports
  • Trade Agreements and International Regulations
    • Free trade agreements influencing cross-border healthcare services
    • The role of international healthcare regulations in cross-border manufacturing
    • Harmonization of pharmaceutical standards across regions
  • Cross-Border Healthcare Partnerships and Collaboration
    • Strategic international partnerships to expand market reach
    • Collaborations with global healthcare providers and distributors
    • Addressing cross-border logistical and cultural challenges
  • Supply Chain Considerations in Cross-Border Healthcare
    • Managing the complexities of international supply chains
    • Customs, import/export regulations, and tariffs
    • Mitigating risks in cross-border pharmaceutical distribution

Regulatory Landscape & Policy Insights in Healthcare Market

  • Overview of Key Regulatory Bodies and Frameworks
    • Role of the FDA, EMA, and other regulatory agencies
    • Overview of current U.S. pharmaceutical regulations
    • International regulatory standards and their implications
  • Policy Changes Impacting Healthcare Manufacturing
    • Legislative changes and their effects on the pharmaceutical industry
    • U.S. policies on drug approvals and market access
    • Regulatory challenges for CDMOs
  • FDA Approval Processes and Compliance
    • Understanding the FDA approval process for new drugs
    • Compliance requirements for pharmaceutical manufacturers
    • Impact of FDA regulations on manufacturing timelines
  • Key Legal and Ethical Considerations
    • Intellectual property rights and patent law
    • Ethical issues in pharmaceutical manufacturing and marketing
    • Data protection and privacy laws affecting healthcare

Impact of Regulatory Changes on Market

  • Effects of Recent Regulatory Changes on Pharmaceutical CDMOs
    • Impact of recent policy reforms on CDMO operations
    • Navigating complex compliance requirements
    • Anticipating future regulatory changes
  • Compliance Challenges and Opportunities
    • Key areas of regulatory compliance risk
    • Leveraging regulatory change as a competitive advantage
    • Strategic approaches to minimize compliance challenges
  • Navigating Regulatory Changes in Global Markets
    • Understanding global regulatory divergence and convergence
    • How to align global operations with local regulations
    • Case studies on overcoming regulatory hurdles in international markets
  • Case Studies on Regulatory Adaptation
    • Lessons learned from companies that successfully adapted to regulatory changes
    • Examples of innovative approaches to compliance

Government Healthcare Spending and Policies

  • Federal Healthcare Budget Allocations
    • Trends in U.S. government healthcare funding
    • Analysis of the U.S. healthcare budget and its impact on the pharmaceutical industry
    • Key funding channels for healthcare providers and manufacturers
  • Policy Shifts and Their Impact on Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
    • Overview of recent policy shifts affecting pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Long-term impacts of governmental healthcare policies on the CDMO market
  • Strategic Implications for CDMOs and Healthcare Providers
    • Adjusting business strategies in response to government policies
    • Opportunities for growth within shifting government spending
  • Analysis of Healthcare Policy Trends and Future Directions
    • Predicting future healthcare policy trends
    • Strategies for pharmaceutical companies to stay ahead of policy changes

Technological Disruption and Innovations

  • Role of Technology in Transforming Healthcare Production
    • Digital transformation in pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Key technology drivers reshaping the pharmaceutical production landscape
  • Impact of Emerging Technologies on Pharmaceutical CDMOs
    • Impact of automation, robotics, and AI on pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in CDMO facilities
  • Future Technological Trends Shaping the Market
    • Advancements in digital manufacturing technologies
    • The rise of blockchain and 3D printing in pharmaceuticals
    • Future disruptive technologies on the horizon

U.S. Healthcare Production Insights

  • Key Players in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Production Industry
    • Overview of the leading pharmaceutical manufacturers in the U.S.
    • Market share analysis of top pharmaceutical producers
    • Emerging players and market challengers
  • Production Capacity and Infrastructure
    • Analysis of current pharmaceutical manufacturing capacities
    • Overview of production infrastructure across different states
  • U.S. Pharmaceutical Production Value Chain
    • End-to-end value chain analysis for pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Integration of various production stages in the supply chain
  • Industry Drivers and Growth Projections
    • Factors driving growth in the U.S. pharmaceutical production market
    • Forecasting the future of pharmaceutical production in the U.S.

Advanced Manufacturing Techniques

  • Automation and Robotics in Healthcare Manufacturing
    • Role of automation in increasing productivity and reducing costs
    • Case studies on robotics adoption in pharmaceutical production
  • Continuous Manufacturing Models
    • Advantages of continuous manufacturing over batch manufacturing
    • Key success stories of continuous manufacturing models
  • Quality Control and Product Assurance in Advanced Manufacturing
    • Enhanced quality control mechanisms in advanced manufacturing environments
    • Incorporating real-time monitoring and diagnostics into production lines
  • Impact of Advanced Manufacturing on Cost Efficiency
    • How advanced manufacturing techniques lead to cost savings
    • Financial considerations of adopting new manufacturing technologies

AI & Machine Learning in Healthcare

  • Applications of AI in Drug Development and Manufacturing
    • AI-driven drug discovery and development processes
    • Machine learning models for predicting drug efficacy and safety
  • Role of Machine Learning in Production Optimization
    • AI and machine learning applications in streamlining production workflows
    • Predictive maintenance and operational efficiency through AI
  • AI-Driven Predictive Analytics in Pharmaceutical Industry
    • Using predictive analytics to anticipate market trends and consumer needs
    • Leveraging big data analytics for improved decision-making

Wearables and Remote Monitoring

  • Integration of Wearable Technologies in Healthcare Production
    • The role of wearables in real-time health data collection
    • Impact of wearables on pharmaceutical development and research
  • Trends in Remote Patient Monitoring and Healthcare Services
    • Expanding use of telemedicine and remote health monitoring
    • Benefits and challenges of remote monitoring in clinical trials
  • Impact of Wearables on Healthcare Delivery and Patient Outcomes
    • Enhancing patient engagement and health outcomes with wearables
    • Data-driven decision-making in healthcare

Blockchain in Healthcare

  • Blockchain for Drug Traceability and Security
    • Implementing blockchain to ensure drug traceability and supply chain security
    • Enhancing trust and transparency in pharmaceutical transactions
  • Use of Blockchain in Healthcare Data Management
    • Blockchain applications in securing patient data and records
    • Overcoming privacy challenges in healthcare through blockchain
  • Blockchain’s Role in Ensuring Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Integrity
    • Reducing counterfeiting and fraud through blockchain in the pharmaceutical industry
    • Blockchain’s impact on ensuring the authenticity of pharmaceutical products

3D Printing and Bioprinting

  • 3D Printing in Drug Development and Manufacturing
    • Advantages of 3D printing in personalized medicine production
    • How 3D printing accelerates drug formulation development
  • Applications of Bioprinting in Personalized Medicine
    • Bioprinting for creating customized drug delivery systems
    • Future applications of bioprinting in organ and tissue printing
  • Future Prospects of 3D Printing in Healthcare
    • Innovations on the horizon in 3D printing and bioprinting for healthcare
    • Potential for reducing costs and increasing patient-centric solutions

Consumer Adoption and Digital Health

  • Digital Health Adoption Trends in the U.S.
    • Growth in digital health adoption among consumers
    • Key factors driving consumer engagement with digital health solutions
  • Consumer Behavior in the Context of Digital Health Technologies
    • Understanding consumer attitudes toward digital health tools
    • The impact of consumer health data on decision-making
  • The Role of Consumer Data in Shaping Healthcare Solutions
    • Leveraging consumer health data for innovation in pharmaceutical products
    • Ethical considerations in using consumer health data

Investment and Funding Insights in Healthcare

  • Overview of Healthcare Investment Landscape
    • Key sources of investment in the healthcare sector
    • Analysis of investor interest in pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Growth in public and private sector funding for healthcare innovation
  • Key Drivers of Investment in U.S. Healthcare
    • Technological advancements driving investment growth
    • Changing healthcare policy and its effect on investor confidence
    • Market demand for innovative pharmaceutical solutions
  • Analysis of Healthcare Venture Funding Trends
    • Shifts in venture capital focus areas within healthcare
    • Geographic and sector-specific venture funding trends
    • Long-term trends in investment allocation and their impact on the U.S. pharmaceutical sector

Venture Capital and Investment Trends

  • Venture Capital Funding in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Market
    • Trends in venture capital investments in pharmaceutical manufacturing and biotechnology
    • Overview of venture capital-backed healthcare companies and their market influence
    • Investment strategies and sector-specific funding patterns
  • Key Venture Firms and Investment Strategies
    • Identifying the leading venture capital firms in healthcare
    • Strategies employed by venture firms in funding pharmaceutical startups
    • Analysis of venture capital's impact on innovation and market competitiveness
  • Impact of Venture Capital on Pharmaceutical Innovation
    • Role of venture funding in fostering pharmaceutical R&D
    • Success stories of venture-backed companies transforming the pharmaceutical industry
    • Balancing risk and reward in venture investments in biotech and CDMOs

Venture Funding in Biotech

  • Biotech Investment Trends in the U.S.
    • The increasing role of venture capital in funding biotech startups
    • Key biotech sectors attracting significant venture capital investment
    • Analysis of biotech funding rounds and market reactions
  • Venture Capital in Biopharmaceutical Development
    • Venture capital's role in the early-stage development of biopharmaceuticals
    • Financial dynamics and challenges in biotech investments
    • Case studies on biotech companies successfully leveraging venture capital
  • Funding Sources for Biotechnology Startups
    • Identifying alternative funding sources for biotechnology companies
    • Crowdfunding, government grants, and non-traditional funding mechanisms in biotech
    • Evaluating the pros and cons of various funding sources for biotech innovations

Mergers and Acquisitions in Healthcare

  • Trends and Drivers of M&A Activity in the U.S. Healthcare Sector
    • Growth in mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and healthcare manufacturing industries
    • Key factors driving M&A activity in the U.S.
    • Regional and global M&A trends affecting the U.S. pharmaceutical CDMO market
  • Key M&A Deals Shaping the Pharmaceutical CDMO Market
    • Analyzing high-profile mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical sector
    • The strategic implications of major M&A deals in CDMO markets
    • Case studies on the outcomes of key M&A transactions
  • Strategic M&A Considerations for Pharmaceutical Companies
    • Financial, operational, and regulatory factors in M&A negotiations
    • Post-merger integration strategies for pharmaceutical companies
    • How M&As are reshaping the future of the pharmaceutical manufacturing landscape

Entry Strategies for Emerging Markets

  • Market Entry Strategies for Pharmaceutical CDMOs in Emerging Economies
    • Assessing opportunities in emerging markets for pharmaceutical CDMOs
    • Key challenges and barriers to entering emerging markets
    • Strategic models for navigating new market conditions and regulations
  • Navigating Market Challenges in Emerging Markets
    • Overcoming cultural, regulatory, and economic hurdles
    • Adapting products and services to meet local market needs
    • Strategic partnerships and joint ventures as market entry strategies
  • Case Studies on Successful Market Penetration
    • Case studies of pharmaceutical CDMOs successfully entering emerging markets
    • Market entry tactics that have proven effective in international expansions
    • Lessons learned from entry failures and missteps in emerging economies

Strategic Role of Healthcare Ecosystems

  • Collaborative Models in Healthcare Ecosystems
    • Exploring the dynamics of multi-sector partnerships in healthcare ecosystems
    • The role of pharmaceutical CDMOs within broader healthcare ecosystems
    • Cross-industry collaborations driving healthcare innovation
  • Importance of Ecosystem Partners in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
    • Identifying key ecosystem partners: regulators, suppliers, technology providers, and healthcare providers
    • How partnerships enhance the resilience and efficiency of pharmaceutical supply chains
    • Case studies on successful ecosystem collaboration for pharmaceutical product delivery
  • Impact of Healthcare Ecosystem Collaboration on Innovation
    • How collaboration accelerates the pace of innovation in the pharmaceutical industry
    • Strategic ecosystem collaborations driving breakthroughs in drug development
    • The future of healthcare ecosystems and the role of pharmaceutical CDMOs

Healthcare Investment and Financing Models

  • Traditional and Non-traditional Healthcare Financing Models
    • Overview of established financing models for healthcare projects
    • Emerging alternative financing mechanisms in the healthcare sector
    • Benefits and challenges of different financing models for pharmaceutical companies
  • Role of Private Equity in Healthcare Investments
    • How private equity is shaping the pharmaceutical sector
    • Key trends in private equity funding for healthcare projects
    • The impact of private equity investment on healthcare innovation
  • Innovative Financing Approaches in Healthcare
    • Innovations in healthcare financing: public-private partnerships, impact investing, and more
    • The rise of green bonds, sustainability-linked loans, and ESG funding in healthcare
    • Evaluating the long-term sustainability of alternative healthcare financing models

Private Equity and Venture Capital in Healthcare

  • Role of Private Equity in the U.S. Pharmaceutical CDMO Market
    • Analysis of private equity's growing influence in the U.S. pharmaceutical manufacturing sector
    • Key private equity players in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries
    • Private equity-driven consolidation in the pharmaceutical CDMO space
  • Comparative Analysis of Private Equity vs. Venture Capital
    • Key differences between private equity and venture capital in healthcare investments
    • How private equity and venture capital complement each other in pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Case studies on the strategic application of both funding models
  • Investment Strategies and Risk Management
    • How private equity firms manage risk in the volatile pharmaceutical industry
    • Developing risk mitigation strategies for venture capital-backed healthcare projects
    • Trends in risk management practices in healthcare investment

Innovative Financing Models in Healthcare

  • Alternative Financing Mechanisms for Healthcare Startups
    • Exploring crowdfunding and other non-traditional financing options for healthcare startups
    • The impact of government grants and incentives on pharmaceutical innovation
    • How incubators and accelerators are reshaping healthcare financing models
  • Crowdfunding and Other Emerging Financing Trends
    • The rise of crowdfunding platforms for healthcare innovation
    • Benefits and challenges of crowdfunding in the healthcare industry
    • Trends in community-driven funding models for healthcare projects
  • Impact of Financing Innovation on Healthcare Production
    • How innovative financing models are enabling greater flexibility in pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • The role of venture debt, crowdfunding, and alternative models in healthcare growth
    • Case studies demonstrating the successful application of innovative financing models

Sustainability and ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) in Healthcare

  • Integrating ESG Factors in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
    • Understanding the role of ESG criteria in shaping pharmaceutical manufacturing practices
    • Key ESG standards for pharmaceutical companies and CDMOs
    • How ESG integration impacts brand reputation and investor confidence
  • Sustainability Initiatives in U.S. Healthcare Production
    • Sustainability-focused initiatives in pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • The role of renewable energy, waste reduction, and resource efficiency in healthcare production
    • Case studies on sustainability practices in the U.S. pharmaceutical sector
  • Case Studies on ESG in Pharmaceutical CDMOs
    • Successful ESG initiatives in pharmaceutical contract manufacturing
    • How pharmaceutical CDMOs have addressed environmental, social, and governance challenges
    • The financial benefits of ESG adoption in pharmaceutical manufacturing

Smart Tracking and Inventory Management

  • Technological Innovations in Healthcare Inventory Management
    • The role of RFID, IoT, and AI in tracking pharmaceutical inventory
    • Leveraging technology for real-time tracking and predictive analytics in the supply chain
  • Impact of Smart Tracking Systems on Operational Efficiency
    • Reducing stockouts and overstocks through smart inventory systems
    • Streamlining pharmaceutical production and distribution through enhanced inventory management
  • Cost Reduction and Efficiency Gains through Inventory Optimization
    • How smart tracking and inventory systems reduce operational costs
    • Best practices for leveraging technology to optimize pharmaceutical supply chains

Enhanced Efficiency and Productivity

  • Strategies for Improving Efficiency in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
    • Lean manufacturing techniques for improving pharmaceutical production processes
    • Best practices for optimizing labor, materials, and resources in healthcare manufacturing
  • Lean Manufacturing Techniques in Healthcare
    • Applying lean principles to reduce waste and improve efficiency in pharmaceutical manufacturing
    • Case studies on successful lean implementation in pharmaceutical CDMOs
  • Productivity Enhancement through Automation and AI
    • Leveraging automation and artificial intelligence to improve pharmaceutical manufacturing productivity
    • Case studies demonstrating the impact of AI and automation on manufacturing efficiency

Cost Savings and Waste Reduction

  • Identifying Cost-Saving Opportunities in Healthcare Manufacturing
    • Strategies for reducing energy consumption and resource usage in pharmaceutical production
    • Cost-effective material sourcing and procurement strategies
  • Waste Reduction Strategies and Their Impact on Margins
    • Implementing waste reduction programs to lower operational costs
    • Environmental and financial benefits of waste reduction in pharmaceutical manufacturing
  • Best Practices for Reducing Waste in Pharmaceutical Production
    • Streamlining production processes to minimize waste and maximize efficiency
    • Sustainable practices for reducing chemical, packaging, and operational waste

U.S. Production Volumes and Analysis

  • Trends in U.S. Pharmaceutical Production Volumes
    • Historical and current trends in pharmaceutical production volumes in the U.S.
    • Key production growth areas and their impact on market dynamics
  • Analysis of U.S. Pharmaceutical Production Output by Category
    • Breakdown of U.S. pharmaceutical production across drug categories
    • Market demand and production alignment in key pharmaceutical segments
  • Growth Projections for U.S. Pharmaceutical Production
    • Forecasting future trends in pharmaceutical production volumes
    • Emerging production capacities and market opportunities

Consumption Patterns in the U.S.

  • Analysis of Healthcare Consumption Trends
    • Key trends in pharmaceutical product consumption in the U.S.
    • Consumer behavior and demand for various types of healthcare products
  • Key Drivers of Pharmaceutical Consumption
    • Understanding the demographic and economic drivers of pharmaceutical consumption
    • Impact of aging populations, chronic diseases, and new therapies on consumption patterns
  • Shifts in Consumer Behavior and Their Impact on Manufacturing
    • How shifting consumer preferences are influencing pharmaceutical manufacturing trends
    • Adjusting production strategies to meet evolving consumer needs

Industry Outlook

  • Future Prospects and Growth Opportunities
  • Technological Advancements Impacting the Market
  • Role of CDMOs in Accelerating Drug Development

Methodology

  • Research Approach
  • Data Sources
  • Limitations

Appendix

  • Glossary of Terms
  • List of Abbreviations
  • References and Citations

About the Publisher

  • Contact Information
  • Company Overview
  • Insight Code: 5407
  • No. of Pages: 150+
  • Format: PDF/PPT/Excel
  • Published: January 2025
  • Report Covered: [Revenue + Volume]
  • Historical Year: 2021-2022
  • Base Year: 2023
  • Estimated Years: 2024-2033

About The Author

Deepa Pandey is a dedicated market research professional with over 5 years of experience in the healthcare industry. Specializing in healthcare market research, she brings valuable expertise in analyzing market trends, evaluating industry dynamics, and providing actionable insights to help businesses stay ahead in a competitive market.

Throughout her career, Deepa has focused on delivering in-depth research on various healthcare segments, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and healthcare services. She excels in identifying emerging opportunities, assessing market risks, and understanding regulatory changes that impact the healthcare sector.

Her ability to synthesize complex data and translate it into clear, concise recommendations makes her a key contributor to successful strategic decision-making. Her work helps organizations better understand consumer behavior, market demands, and the regulatory landscape, facilitating informed business strategies.

With a passion for healthcare research and a commitment to excellence, Deepa continues to provide businesses with the market intelligence they need to thrive in an increasingly complex healthcare environment. Her insights are critical for companies seeking to navigate the evolving healthcare landscape and optimize their market positioning.

FAQ's

Contract manufacturing organizations (CMOs) offer manufacturing services for clinical practices. At the same time, contract development and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs) offer assay and process development and manufacturing services for clinical products.

CDMOs support pharmaceutical companies at all stages of the process of making medicines by providing services in the R&D stages, offering support in manufacturing, and providing formulating and finishing processes.

Food and Drug Administration, American Cancer Society, American Society of Clinical Oncology, The Observatory of Economic Complexity.

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