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April 2024
The systemic inflammatory response syndrome treatment market was estimated at US$ 12.93 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow to US$ 27.17 billion by 2034, rising at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.29% from 2024 to 2034. The growing geriatric population, increasing admission of patients in ICUs, and the rising prevalence of inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and surgeries drive the market.
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Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a life-threatening condition caused by the body’s overwhelming immune response. SIRS is an exaggerated defense response of the body to a harmful stressor, causing severe inflammation throughout the body, leading to organ failure and death. It can be caused by an infection, trauma, surgery, ischemia, or conditions like autoimmune disorders or pancreatitis. The symptoms include redness and swelling in the affected areas, pain, intense fatigue, abnormal breathing, tachycardia, fever, skin rash, etc. SIRS mostly affects infants and older populations, people with weak immune systems, patients suffering from chronic conditions like diabetes, cirrhosis, and COPD, or patients having infections like pneumonia, meningitis, or cellulitis. The treatment regimen for SIRS includes vasopressors and inotropes to maintain body fluids, broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-viral therapy, glucocorticoids, and i.v. Insulin.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers immense potential in the healthcare domain and aids in decision-making. AI can assist in early detection, subtyping analysis, precise treatment, and prognosis assessment in the SIRS treatment. Integrating AI and ML in healthcare can help doctors diagnose and treat SIRS by analyzing large volumes of increasingly complicated clinical datasets from electronic medical records. AI can also play a role in precision medicine for pathogen detection, antibiotic selection, and fluid optimization, depending on the patient's condition. Additionally, AI can help reduce costs in healthcare settings by improving workflow efficiency and healthcare outcomes.
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Acute pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, a common disease and the leading cause of hospitalization in the US. It has been reported that approximately 275,000 patients are hospitalized annually in the US, suffering from acute pancreatitis. Out of these, 40% of the cases present with SIRS, which can lead to further morbidity and mortality. Globally, around 5 to 80 people out of the 100,000 population suffer from pancreatitis. Since acute pancreatitis is caused by premature activation of the enzyme zymogen and trypsinogen, resulting in local pancreatic destruction and activation of the inflammatory cascade, it ultimately leads to SIRS. The incidence and severity of the disease necessitate immediate and efficient treatment of the disease.
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The primary challenge of SIRS treatment is the delayed diagnosis of SIRS, which leads to delayed treatment. Conditions like stress and anxiety may lead to a false diagnosis of SIRS. Another major challenge in the SIRS treatment is the diversity of the patient populations with varying immune responses. Due to this, a universal, effective treatment regimen is difficult to maintain. Additionally, as broad-spectrum antibiotics are a treatment of choice in patients with SIRS, the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance can pose a great risk in treating SIRS. Hence, no significant pharmacologic agents are available for the complete treatment of SIRS. Furthermore, the overall cost of patients in ICU is very high. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the total national healthcare expenditure in the US in 2019 was found to be $3,453 billion, while it is projected to increase at an annual rate of 5.4% from 2022 to 2031.
Despite therapeutic and clinical advancements, the complete cure of SIRS is difficult to attain. However, the use of stem cells can prove to be beneficial in the treatment of SIRS. Stem cell-based treatment for several inflammatory disorders, cancer, and immune disorders has been approved by some national drug agencies after favorable outcomes in clinical trials. The USFDA has approved a total of 38 cellular and gene therapy products to date. Stem cells assist in cell survival, stress reduction, and tissue and organ protection. These stem cells interact with cells of the immune system and promote anti-inflammatory conditions or inhibit pro-inflammatory activities. Stem cells also play a vital role in tissue protection and regeneration by promoting tissue restorative activities like angiogenesis, anti-microbial effect, anti-fibrosis, and blockage of reactive oxygen species during stress conditions.
By indication, the urinary tract infection (UTI) segment held a dominant share of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome treatment market in 2023. UTI is the second most common infectious disease, affecting more than 150 million people annually worldwide. A UTI is an infection of the urinary system which mainly occurs due to infection caused by bacteria. SIRS, when caused by a bacteria, is called sepsis. UTI is a common cause of sepsis in hospitalized patients. Approximately 25% of sepsis cases originate from the urogenital tract. The rising geriatric population, increasing disease comorbidities, and pregnancy are the main causes of urosepsis.
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By application, the hospitals & ambulatory surgical centers segment held the largest share of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome treatment market by 62% in 2023. Hospitals & ambulatory surgical centers provide advanced treatment care to the patient. They provide the expertise of consultant specialists, critical care specialists, surgeons, anesthetists, specialists in various fields like hematology, infectious disease, specially-trained nursing staff, and pharmacists. Hospitals & ambulatory surgical centers also provide facilities from diagnosis to complete treatment of a patient with appropriate equipment.
By region, North America dominated the systemic inflammatory response syndrome treatment market by 39% in 2023. The huge amount of major surgeries performed in the region drives the market. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data, approximately 51 million major surgeries are performed annually in the US itself. At the same time, more than 1 million surgeries are performed in Canada. SIRS is highly prevalent among one-third of in-hospital patients.
Approximately >50% of ICU patients and >80% of surgical ICU patients have a high risk of developing SIRS. It has been reported that more than 5.7 million patients are admitted to ICU in the US annually, accounting for approximately 20% of all acute care admissions. Also, according to the CDC, around 1.7 million Americans annually are affected with sepsis, with at least 350,000 hospitalizations. Additionally, the advanced healthcare infrastructure, state-of-the-art research and development facilities, and presence of key players augment the systemic inflammatory response syndrome treatment market growth.
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By region, Asia-Pacific is anticipated to grow at the fastest rate during the forecast period. The rising geriatric population, widespread use of immunosuppressive medications and chemotherapy, antimicrobial resistance, and growing healthcare investments drive the market. Additionally, the government initiatives and investments to strengthen the healthcare infrastructure drive the market growth. Also, the growing research and development activities in the region for new drug development boost the systemic inflammatory response syndrome treatment market. China’s National Medicines and Pharmaceutical Administration approved 87 novel drugs in China in 2023. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) approved 27 novel drugs in India in 2023.
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| Company Name | GlaxoSmithKline Plc |
| Headquarters | Brentford, United Kingdom |
| Recent Development | In May 2024, GSK announced a £45 million pledge to become the first partner of the new Imperial-led Fleming initiative, which aims to tackle antimicrobial resistance globally. Fleming initiative aims to open a Fleming Center at the St. Mary’s Hospital in 2028 to find, test, and scale solutions for AMR. |
| Company Name | Matisse Pharmaceuticals B.V. |
| Headquarters | Geleen, Netherlands |
| Recent Development | In January 2024, Matisse Pharmaceuticals announced positive results from the HistoSeps trial evaluating the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of i.v. Administered M6229 in critically ill sepsis patients. Matisse Pharmaceuticals is preparing for Phase IIb clinical trials in the US and Europe. |
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